Part 1

 

Answer the following questions, in a total of 350 to 700 words.

  • Describe the structure of DNA and the steps of protein synthesis.
  • Describe the relationships between the following terms:

◦                     DNA

◦                     Chromatin material

◦                     Gene

◦                     Chromosome

  • Use the following gene in protein synthesis:

◦                     TAGGACCATTTTAGCCCC

▪                                       Show the mRNA.

▪                                       Show the tRNA.

▪                                       Name the amino acids that will be placed in the polypeptide chain. (Use the codon table in Ch. 10, Figure 10.8A of Campbell Biology.)

  • A gene will direct the making of polypeptide chains, and polypeptide chains form proteins. All enzymes are proteins. Therefore, how would you explain carrying a gene for a trait that does not show up in the offspring?
  • In order for DNA to pass genetic information to the next generation, DNA must replicate successfully. Mistakes in replication could result in major problems in heredity.

◦                     Explain how DNA replicates.

◦                     Describe the formation of the leading strand and lagging strand and include the enzymes involved.

◦                     Why do the legs replicate differently?